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Tropical Animal Science Journal
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 2615787X     EISSN : 2615790X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Energy
ropical Animal Science Journal (Trop. Anim. Sci. J.) previously Media Peternakan is a scientific journal covering broad aspects of tropical animal sciences. Started from 2018, the title is changed from Media Peternakan in order to develop and expand the distribution as well as increase the visibility of the journal. The journal is published three times a year in April, August, and December by Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia. The first edition with the new title will be published in April 2018 edition (Vol 41 No 1 2018), while the previous edition (up to 2017 edition) will still use Media Peternakan as the title and could be accessed in the old website (http://medpet.journal.ipb.ac.id/). This journal has been accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Republic Indonesia with First Grade (Sinta 1) since year 2018 to 2022 according to the decree No. 30/E/KPT/2018.
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Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal" : 15 Documents clear
Genetic Identification of Shiga Toxin Encoding Gene from Cases of Multidrug Resistance (MDR) Escherichia coli Isolated from Raw Milk R. Ansharieta; M. H. Effendi; H. Plumeriastuti
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.10

Abstract

Escherichia coli is one of bacteria which have resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobial agents. E. coli having resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobial drugs can be defined as multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of Shiga toxin gen in MDR E. coli. A total of 250 raw milks samples were taken from dairy farms in Kediri, Probolinggo, Pasuruan, Blitar, and Batu Region, East Java Province, Indonesia. Each sample was cultured into enrichment media Brilliant Green Bile Lactose Broth and Eosin Methyllen blue agar, then identified with TSIA agar and IMVIC biochemistry test. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was done using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion assay on medium Mueller-Hinton agar (Oxoid, CM0337). Antibiotics disks used were 30 µg of Tetracycline (Oxoid, CT0054), 10 µg of Streptomycin (Oxoid, CT0047), 30 µg of Chloramphenicol (Oxoid, CT0013), 5 µg of Trimethoprim (Oxoid, CT0057), and 30 µg of Aztreonam (Oxoid, CT0264). Isolate showing resistance to at least 3 antibiotics disk were then continued with PCR assay to identify Shiga toxin E. coli (STEC) encoding stx2 gene. The study was designed to evaluate the nucleotide analysis of STEC gene. The result showed that 6.25% (1/16) of STEC encoding gene was found in MDR E. coli. This report of molecular identification on the presence of STEC gene in MDR E. coli confirmed a wider spread of MDR E. coli that can threaten animal health and human health.
Intestinal Morphology, Energy Availability, and Growth Performance of Broilers Treated with the Combination of Probiotic and Inulin H. Julendra; A. Sofyan; L. Istiqomah; M. F. Karimy; Abinawanto Abinawanto; Yasman Yasman
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.39

Abstract

Probiotic and prebiotic or their combinations can potentially function as an alternative to antibiotics growth promoters (AGPs) for broiler. This study was designed to investigate the growth performance, intestinal microstructure, and nutrients digestibility of broilers administered with probiotics of Lactobacillus plantarum AKK30 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae B18 in combination with inulin. A total of 275 male chickens (initial bodyweight of 47±0.05 g) were reared for growth performance evaluation. At the 32-d-old, 25 male chickens were necropsied for intestinal microstructural analysis, while the other 25 male chickens were selected for evaluation of digestibility (body weight= 1525±0.08 g). Treatments of probiotics in combination with different levels of inulin consisted of control with probiotics without inulin (S0), probiotics with 0.5% of inulin (S1), probiotics with 1.0% of inulin (S2), probiotics with 1.5% of inulin (S3), and commercial probiotics without inulin (Sc), which were arranged in a completely randomized design with five replications. Results showed that body weight gain and performance index in broilers treated prebiotics in combination with 0.5% inulin (S1), 1% inulin (S2), and commercial probiotic without inulin (Sc) were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those in control broiler chickens that were treated with probiotics without inulin. Feed intake showed no differences among treatments, whereas feed conversion ratios in broiler chickens treated with the commercial probiotics (Sc) or probiotics in combination with inulin at 0.5% (S1) and 1.0% (S2) were lower than control chickens. Metabolizable energy, nitrogen retention, and villi height in chickens treated with probiotics in combination with 0.5% inulin (S1) and 1.0% inulin (S2) were higher than those in the control group. In conclusion, the administration of probiotic combined with inulin at the level of either 0.5 or 1.0% improves broiler performance, intestinal microstructure, and nutrients digestibility.
Performance, Immune Responses, and Blood Biochemistry of Broiler Chickens Fed with Plant Growth Compound A. Mohseni Gharechopogh; J. Fakhraei; S. A. Hosseini; H. Mansoori Yarahmadi; H. Lotfollahian
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.62

Abstract

Today, medicinal plants and prebiotics are known as growth stimulants and can have beneficial effects on health and performance. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of plant growth promoters and a prebiotic (lactose) on growth performance, immune responses, and blood biochemical parameters in broiler chicks. Seven hundred and fifty Arian broiler chicks (mixed-sex) were allocated to six treatments and five replicates at one day of age. Three plant-based growth promoters (ASRI1, ASRI2, and commercial supplement (Optifeed)) and two dietary prebiotic levels (0 and 1 kg/ton) were evaluated in a completely randomized design with 3×2 factorial arrangements. The results showed that growth performance and humoral and cellular immunities did not differ among experimental treatments; therefore, the herbal compounds ASRI1 and ASRI2 can be used as growth promoters equivalent to the commercial products currently used in the broiler chicken industry. An interaction effect of growth promoter × prebiotic was detected for concentrations of calcium in the serum. Serum calcium concentrations of birds fed ASRI2 and 1 kg/ton prebiotic were greater than those of chickens receiving the commercial growth promoter. Serum triglycerides and VLDL-C concentrations were significantly lower in birds treated with ASRI1 growth promoter compared to those fed with a commercial growth promoter. In conclusion, there was no difference between ASRI1, ASRI2, and Optifeed growth promoters in their effectiveness as promoters of growth and immunity of broiler chicks.
Nutritional Evaluation of Sago of Gebang Tree (Corypha utan Lamk) from Different Locations in West Timor - Indonesia for Broilers C. L. Nalle; Helda Helda; B. Masus; J. Malo
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.48

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of sago from different locations in West Timor, Indonesia for broilers. Experiment I aimed at determining the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and nutrient digestibility of sago from different locations. A total of 120 broilers (unsexed, age 21 d) were randomly distributed to 24 metabolic cages (5 birds/cage). The experimental design was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments and 4 replications. The experimental diets were a basal diet (maize-soy) and 5 treatment diets which were a mixture of basal ration (75%) and sago (25%) from different locations. Experiment II was about performance trials. Two different basal diets were formulated, supplemented with synbiotics and fed to 200 birds (unsexed, 10 birds/pen). The experimental design was a 2 x 2 factorial CRD. With the exception of phytate and phenol contents, the results showed that the location affected (p<0.05 to 0.01) the contents of dry matter, crude protein, and crude fiber, tannins, NDF, ADF, flavonoids, AME/n, and starch digestibility of sago. The location did not affect (p>0.05) ash, crude fat, starch, Ca, P, and gross energy contents of sago. Basal diets affected (p<0.05 to 0.001) all performance traits. Except for BWG, synbiotics did not affect (p>0.05) the performance of the birds. In conclusion, the nutrient composition and digestibility of sago are affected by locations. Sago is rich in starch and high in AME values, but poor sources of calcium, phosphor, and protein. Sago contains fiber, tannin, phytate, flavonoids, and phenol. Sago diets improved the performance of broilers. Synbiotics did not improve the performance of birds.
The Addition of Chitosan to GnRH Analog Induces Ovarian Resumption and Improves Conception Rates in Buffaloes Y. A. Amin; A. Said
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.1

Abstract

During hot season, female buffaloes suffer from ovarian inactivity due to hormonal insufficiency. Therefore, impaired reproductive efficiency causes low productivity of female buffaloes. The present study aimed to compare the effect of chitosan and/or insulin addition to GnRH analog during modified Ovsync program on ovarian response and pregnancy establishment in postpartum anestrous buffaloes during low breeding during the summer season. This study was carried out in buffaloes (N=135) suffering from ovarian inactivity during the summer season. The animals were divided into three treated equal groups, i.e., Group (1) basic Ovsync protocol, Group (2) insulin-sync protocol, and Group (3) chitosan-sync protocol. Blood samples were analyzed for progesterone, estradiol, and insulin concentrations before and after treatment. Follicular dynamics were studied through transrectal scanning of the ovaries. The results revealed that administration of insulin to GnRH analog (G2) significantly increased the diameter of the largest follicle and improved the conception rate compared to basic Ovsync protocol (G1). The addition of chitosan to GnRH analog (G3) caused a significant increase in the estrous induction rates (86.6%), increased the size of the largest follicle (p<0.05), and improved conception rates (76.9%) compared to basic Ovsync protocol (G1). Serum progesterone concentrations increased after treatment (p<0.05) in all groups indicating the resumption of ovarian activity. In addition, serum estradiol concentration increased after treatment in G2 and G3 (p<0.05) compared to G1. Therefore, we conclude that the addition of chitosan to GnRH analog induces ovarian resumption and improves conception rates. Subsequently, chitosan-sync protocol can be used in the treatment of the great infertility problem of postpartum anestrous during summer season in buffaloes. Furthermore, this protocol avoids the repeated injection of the animal as in insulin-sync protocol, so that protect the animal from more injection pains in addition to the decreases cost and duration of treatment.
Performance, Intestinal Histomorphology, and Blood Variables of Broilers Fed Amaranth Grain in Pellet Diet A. H. Alizadeh-Ghamsari; S. A. Hosseini; M. R. Soleymani; R. Nahavandi
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.71

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of amaranth grain in pellet diet on performance, intestinal morphology of jejunum, and selected blood variables of broilers. A total of 400 seven-day-old Ross 308 male broilers were allocated to 4 treatments with 5 replicates of 20 birds in a completely randomized design. Experimental treatments were included 4 levels of amaranth grain (0% (control), 2%, 4%, and 6%) in the isonitrogenous and isocaloric pellet diets. During the experiment, body weight (BW) and feed intake (FI) were recorded weekly and average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), as well as European broiler index (EBI), were calculated. On day 42, blood sera and jejunal tissue samples were obtained from 6 birds per replicate to evaluate morphological variables including villus height, villus width, and crypt depth, as well as selected blood variables. Although intestinal morphology and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were not influenced by experimental treatments, birds receiving 2% amaranth grain showed higher BW, ADG, and EBI compared to the other treatments (p<0.05). Chickens fed with diets including various levels of amaranth grain showed the decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and cholesterol concentrations in the blood sera and reduced relative weight of abdominal fat compared to the control (p<0.05). Dietary addition of amaranth grain up to the level of 2% could improve the performance of broiler chickens, decreased blood cholesterol and LDL levels, and relative weight of abdominal fat which may have healthful effects on the birds and broiler-meat-consumers.
Optimization of Pulsation Rate of the Milking System for the Mammary Gland Remodeling during Involution in Thai Crossbred Holstein Cows A. Tiantong; K. Sasiwimonrit; S. Saengwong; W. Inyawilert; A. Chaokaur; S. E. Chen
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.32

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of pulsation rate of the milking machine on the proteinous components and gelatinase activity in the mammary secretion for optimal tissue remodeling during the dry period in tropical dairy cows. Nine healthy primiparous Thai crossbred Holstein cows (75%HF) were milked with various pulsation rates (50, 60, and 70 cycles/min) one week after calving. The total protein contents of the secretions increased along the time course in 50 and 60 cycles/min groups but not in 70 cycles/min group and were not different among the 3 groups along the time course. Lactoferrin and BSA abundance of the 3 groups as well as γ-globulin in 50 and 70 cycles/min groups also increased in a time-dependent manner, in which only γ-globulin abundance in 60 cycles/min group 14 days before drying off and lactoferrin in 50 cycles/min group 14 days after drying off were significantly higher than those of the other 2 groups. In tissue remodeling by gelatinase activity analysis, 50 cycles/min group showed dramatic increases of Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and MMP-2 activities after drying off, whereas 60 and 70 cycles/min groups had a significant but a smaller change (p<0.05) along the time course. Cows with 60 cycles/min exhibited dramatic increases of MMP-9 and MMP-2 activities than the other groups before drying off (p<0.05). The findings suggested that milking pulsation rate at 60 cycles/min resulted in higher activity of remodeling during mammary involution and thus may benefit the renewal and health of the udder in the long run.
Vertical and Horizontal Integration in the Profitability of Malaysian Broiler Firms Y. S. Tey; P. Arsil
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.115

Abstract

Vertical integration has been widely promoted for offering production, transaction, and market benefits in the poultry industry. These benefits must be translated into profitability – a proxy of competitive advantage. This study aimed to identify the financial effect underlying the degree of backward, forward, and horizontal integration, alongside the financial strength and management capability of broiler firms. We used random-effects general least squares to analyze a panel dataset of broiler firms that publicly listed in Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange Malaysia for the 2006-2018 period. Support is found for the hypothesis that forward integration enhanced profitability. In comparison, the operating margin had a greater influence on broiler firms’ financial performance. Notwithstanding value chain development, the relative findings suggest that efficiency remains a priority in a commodity-based broiler market. It is thus recommended that management capability be emphasized.
Typology of Dairy Production Systems Based on Management Strategies in Paraná State, Brazil R. C. M. Tramontini; F. I. Bánkuti; M. S. S. Pozza; E. M. Massuda; J. C. Damasceno; A. M. Dias; C. C. B. F. Ítavo; L. C. V. Ítavo; G. T. Santos
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.123

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the typology of dairy production systems in Paraná State using management characteristics related to nutrition, milking, and technical aspects. We applied, in loco, 105 surveys in dairy production systems - DPS, located in Paraná State, Brazil. Variables related to farm structure, farmer social characteristics, and management practices applied in dairy systems, were collected. Exploratory Factor analysis (EFA) was used and resulted in three management factors, i.e., F1 (Nutrition Management), F2 (Technical Management), and F3 (Milking Management). Using factorial scores, cluster analysis was employed to identify homogeneous groups of dairy production systems. The dairy production systems in G2 (N=84 DPS) was characterized by prioritizing nutritional management (F1), which was the opposite result presented by G1 (N=21 DPS). The structural features and social characteristics of G1 and G2 were compared (T-test). The results indicated a great heterogeneity for the structural and productive characteristics of the analyzed dairy systems and socioeconomic characteristics of their managers. Results also indicate that producers with less structure and scale of production (Group 1), need more technical guidance in production system management. For producers with larger structures and scales of production (Group 2), continuous improvement investments are suggested in the three factors analyzed in this work - nutritional, technical, and milking. Such actions may maintain or increase the production and productivity results in these dairy systems. It is concluded that aspects related to nutritional management are the ones that mark the biggest difference between the cases analyzed, followed respectively by factors of technical management and milking management. Typology of dairy systems that adopt greater attention to nutritional management practices is characterized by a greater production structure and greater productivity when compared to a typology of dairy systems that prioritize actions of technical system management and milking management.
Administration of Fermented Averrhoa bilimbi L. Fruit Filtrate on Growth, Hematological, Intestinal, and Carcass Indices of Broilers A. Pratama; I. Mareta; T. Yudiarti; H. I. Wahyuni; E. Widiastuti; S. Sugiharto
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.79

Abstract

The study investigated the effects of administration of graded levels of fermented Averrhoa bilimbi L. fruit filtrate in drinking water on the growth performance, hematological variables, intestinal ecology, and carcass characteristics of broilers. The experiment was arranged based on a completely randomized design. Two hundred day-old-Lohmann broiler chicks were randomly assigned into 4 treatment groups, each consisting of 5 replications with 10 chicks in each replication. The treatments were administration of fermented A. bilimbi L. fruit filtrate through drinking water at concentrations of 0% (CONT), 0.5% (FAB05), 1.0% (FAB1), and 2.0% (FAB2). Blood was sampled on days 21 and 33, while intestinal segments and digesta were collected on day 33. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was improved (p<0.05) with the increased concentrations of fermented filtrate in drinking water. Body weight, cumulative feed intake, and mortality of broilers were not affected by the treatments. On day 21, thrombocytes decreased (p<0.05) with the increased concentrations of fermented filtrate. On day 33, leukocytes and lymphocytes were lower (p<0.05) in treated chicks than in control. On day 21, the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increased (p<0.05) with the enhanced fermented filtrate concentrations. On day 33, creatinine and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased (p<0.05) following the increased fermented filtrate concentration in drinking water. Fermented fruit filtrate increased (p<0.05) jejunal villi height and ileal crypt depth. Fermented filtrate also resulted in higher (p<0.05) pH values of jejunum. The Enterobacteriaceae counts in the ileum decreased (p<0.05) with the increased fermented filtrate concentration in drinking water. Fermented fruit filtrate decreased (p<0.05) the liver and caeca weights and increased (p<0.05) the proventriculus weight. In conclusion, administration of 2% of fermented A. bilimbi L. fruit filtrate (pH 1.83) through drinking water improved FCR, physiological condition, and intestinal ecology of broilers. The addition of fermented fruit filtrate up to 2% in drinking water did not exert a negative effect on the carcass characteristics of broilers.

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